The life of the prophet, the edited biography of islamic prophet muhammad saw written by ibn ishaq. But the iraqis proved unreliable allies and deserted before the battle started. Muawiya is a controversial figure, as humphreys points out. Uthman departed with muhammad for hamraalasad, and muawiya overstayed his grace. Muawiyah bin abisufyan was born in mecca to abu sufyan ibn harb and hind bint utbah 602 ce into the banu umayya subclan of the banu abdshams clan of the quraysh tribe. Notoriously guarded about his thoughts, motives and emotions, muawiya was universally known as a figure of immense political acumen. Muawiya ibn abu sufyan au muawiya i 602 6 mei 680 alikuwa khalifa au mtawala wa dunia ya uislamu kati ya 661 na 680 na mwanzilishaji wa nasaba ya wamuawiya alizaliwa mjini maka kama mwana wa abu sufyan kiongozi wa waquraish na mpinzani wa mtume muhamad.
Biografi muhammad yang ditulis oleh ibnu ishaq telah hilang, dan yang dikenal sekarang adalah yang sudah diperbaiki oleh ibnu hisyam biografi. The text is critical of preislamic religion and decries the state of religious corruption which the arabs had supposedly descended to. Ibn hisham wrote a work on south arabian antiquities. Of the trio of the founding umayyad fathers, abu sufyan, muawiya and yazid, muawiya is the most significant, the most influential and most cunning.
The leading ulema of ahlul sunnah are in agreement that muawiya means barking bitch. Much of the material used was left in the original words and in whole sections, so that ibn hisham s work can best be described as an edited version of the original biography, with interpolations by the. Mu awiyah ibn abu sufyan the companions of prophet muhammad peace be upon him muawiyah governor of syria muawiyah i arabic. The present life of muhammad is by the earliest biographer whose work has survived. I have extracted some criticisms relating to ibn ishaq work and reputation which alfred guillaume has cited. Ali agreed to an arbitration, known as the arbitration of adhruh, between february 658 and january 659, presided over by a religious council. Ibnu hisham wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas.
Tareekh ul khulafa by al hafidh jalaluddin suyuti urdu translation by maulana hakeem nasree page 253. Ali muhammads soninlaw, seized egypt, and assumed the caliphate after. Apr 15, 2019 ibn ishaqs sira is passed down to us in an abridged and annotated recension by a later scholar, ibn hisham d. Muawiyah ibn abu sufyan misbahuzzulam, roots of the. According to this source hisham had a brother who was one of the hadith relaters. Loving ali is the sign of belief, and hating ali is the sign of hypocrisy. The reign of hisham ibn abd almalik and the colla suny series in medieval middle east history. You can support us by purchasing something through our amazonurl, thanks. Kitab altijan li marifati muluk alzaman book of crowns in knowing kings of the. No copy of ibn ishaqs biography in its original form is now in existence, but it was extensively quarried by ibn hisharn died ah 2 or 218. Muawiya ibn abu sufyan died 680 was the founder of the umayyad dynasty of caliphs. The battle, as stories indicated, ended when muawiyas soldiers showed to alis army qurans, islams holy book, impaled in their spears chanting let allahs words would decide the victor. Muawiyah was appointed as the governor of syria after his brother yazid ibn abu sufyan died.
Muawiya ibn abu sufyanmuawiya ibn abu sufyan died 680 was the founder of the umayyad dynasty of caliphs. Urwah has fabricated a tradition on the authority of aysha that his eminence, ali a. Continued many of his clan opposed the prophet muhammad, and joined in the armed battles that followed the migration of muhammad and his followers to medina. The best of your imams is the one you love and who loves you, who gives to you and you to him. The text is critical of preislamic religion and decries the state of religious corruption which the arabs had supposedly descended to since the founding of the kaaba. Muawiyah and his father abu sufyan had opposed the islamic prophet muhammad, their distant qurayshite kinsman, until. Muawiya ibn hisham was an arab general, the son of the. Abu muhammad abd almalik bin hisham ibn ayyub alhimyari or ibn hisham, edited the ibn hisham wrote assirah annabawiyyah, an edited version of ibn ishaqs original work. Hassan ibn ali had been elected the caliph in kufa and he marched forth with a force of 12,000 iraqis to meet muawiya. His family was native to basra but he himself was born in old cairo.
Tabari has noted the following words of ziyad history of tabari, vol 4 page 190. The first campaign he led was in summer 725, which was carried out in. All of this took place at the end of the period of the companions, when there only remained the likes of abdullah ibn abaas, abdullah ibn umar, jaabir ibn abdullah, abu saeed alkhudree and others. Due to the short length of the article, we will share the whole thing for the benefit of the readers. The following is a response to the article on shiapen entitled. Biography of muawiyah ibn sufyan may allah be pleased. Despite being ingrained in the muslim collective psyche, plenty of narrations found in the seerah do not come from traceable and reliable sources. He was said to have mastered arabic philology in a.
His son, abd alrahman ibn muawiya, was the founder of the emirate of cordoba and the umayyad line of alandalus. The quraysh controlled the city of mecca in the west of presentday saudi arabia and the banu abdshams were among the most influential of its citizens. It sux misscanned pages, a lot are either missing or simply are in incorrect order. The evil in these events was personified by yazid ibn muawiya may allah curse him, a man who was simply a despicable human, let alone a socalled muslim. But he did not make any mention of yazid ibn muawiya. Even the earliest proshia accounts of almasudi are more balanced. Marwan ibn hakam who use to curse imam ali sahih muslim, book 031, number 5924 did not have good relations with walid. He restored unity to the muslim empire and made damascus its capital. Baada ya ushindi wa waislamu juu ya maka alikuwa mfuasi wa uislamu na kiongozi wa kijeshi muhimu wa waislamu. His family was of himyarite origin and belongs to banu maafir tribe of yemen. He was the son of of the quraish leader sayyidna abu sufyan bin harb. Although most of the writers have written his name as hisham ibn hakam and they know him as the son of hakam, an inhabitant of kufa, in some of the books written by modern writers,1 the name of his father has been mentioned as yazid. Virtues and excellence of sayyiduna ameer muawiyah radi. At the treaty of madayen 661, hassan abdicated the caliphate in favor of muawiya in return for general amnesty and an annual stipend of 200,000.
Please note that the comments in bold black brackets are my own. Under umar he became the very able governor of syria. Sirat ibn hisham and the middle portion which is missing apparently contains direct evidence that the followers of muhammed to abyssinia entirely converted away from islam, stating their belief that the prophet had corrupted the historic religion of abraham according to samuel zwemer, the law of apostasy in islam, 1924. Online shopping from a great selection at books store. Immediately download the muawiyah i summary, chapterbychapter analysis, book notes, essays, quotes, character descriptions, lesson plans, and more everything you need for studying or teaching muawiyah i. Sheikh othman alkhamees discusses the 4th to 6th caliphs in islam sunni islam imam al hassan ibn ali and muawiyah sunnah islam imam bukhari declared. Teach him mu awiyah the book and math, and grant him the rule over cities and protect him from the punishment. Ibn hisham mentions the following in his notes section. Jul 21, 20 muayyad fildin abu nasr, almuayyad fildin abu nasr, al c. What the prophet said about those who fight, hate, or abuse his ahlulbayt the messenger of allah said. Sirat ibn hisham a biography of the prophet internet archive. Ibn hisham has been said to have grown up in basra and moved afterwards to egypt. Ibn hishams seera asim iqbal 2nd islamic downloads.
He submitted to islam the year of the surrender of mecca and became muhammads secretary. As son of abu sufyan, one of the leaders of the meccan opposition to. Muawiyas governors ziyad and kathir ibn shahab cursed imam ali as ziyad, the mistake of muawiyahs infamous father abu sufian continued the practice of mughira bin shuba and would curse imam ali as from the mosque pulpits in his sermons. Muawiya is known chiefly for his role in the arabbyzantine wars, where he led many invasions against byzantine asia minor. Abu muhammad abd almalik bin hisham ibn ayyub alhimyari arabic. But an annotated version by ibn hisham does exist and this is the version that alfred guillaume 18881966 used to write his book the life of muhammad. By allah, i will only ask you to write down revelation from heaven 14 15 according to ibn katheer in his book the albidayah wannihayah, ibn abbas said that abu sufyan asked muhammad if he could make his son muawiyah a scribe which muhammad granted.
It is suggested that as a bare minimum, the introduction section of ibn ishaqs sira is read. The disgraceful and distressing things omitted from ibn ishaq. During the time of ali ibn abi talib, muawiyah convinced talha and zubayr to. Muawiyah hailed from a noble trading family of mecca makkah and became the first caliph after the four rightly guided caliphs. He played a leading role as an intermediary between the fatimids and albasasiri, the military commander of the buyids, in the campaign of 1057 against the saljuqs. Muawiya instituted the bidah of cursing imam ali as. Though he fled by the time the army returned, muhammad ordered his pursuit and execution.
Muayyad fildin abu nasr, almuayyad fildin abu nasr, al c. The reign of hisham ibn abd almalik and the colla suny series in medieval middle east history by khalid yahya blankinship jun 28, 1994 4. Muawiya ibn abu sufyan wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru. Ibnu hisyam wikipedia bahasa indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas. This incident is also mentioned in ibn ishaq and ibn hisham s biography of muhammad. Ibn taymiyya said, the behaviour of muawiya with the people was the best behaviour of any ruler. His clan, which had resisted mohammed and his message longest and most vehemently, eventually won political control over the islamic community.
Biography muawiya is known chiefly for his role in the arabbyzantine wars, where he led many invasions against. The story of ashura and the great sacrifice made by imam hussain a. Of them were amr ibn aas, mughaira, urwah and zuhri and also abu huraira who is the favorite companion of the sunnis. He was a powerhungry, selfish and arrogant man but tracing through history, he was not the real brains behind the attempt to destroy islam, the real brains was his father muawiya ibn abu sufyan.
For those interested they can consult the following texts. Inheriting the caliphate from his brother yazid ii, hisham was ruling an empire with many different. What is the status of hadhrat ameer muawiyah ibn abi. Ibnu hisham dibesarkan di basra, irak, namun kemudian pindah ke mesir, dimana dia memperoleh gelar sebagai. Muawiyah is said to have accepted, but hid his conversion and stayed in mecca rather than immigrate to medina.
Ibn ishaq was born in medina about eightyfive years after the hijra ah 85 and died in baghdad in ah 151. When he was born in 691 his mother named him after her father. Muawiya ibn abi sufyan 3rd ed free ebook download as pdf file. Kitab alasnam, written by the arab scholar hisham ibn alkalbi 737819, describes godheads and rites of ancient arab religion. Muhammad and the jews according to ibn ishaq wikisource. He succeeded ali ibn abi talib when hasan ibn ali withdrew his right to become a caliph. No classical scholar has ever considered the work of ibn ishaq or ibn hisham to meet the criterion set by the science of hadith when it comes to defining authenticity. The life of muhammad, ibn hisham furman university. And most authentic that was narrated in merits of muawiya is the narration of abu hamza from ibn abbas that he was scribe of prophet sallalahu alaihi wa ala alihi wa sallam after he embraced islam,it was reported by muslim in his sahih, and after that narration of alirbad.
Karya ibnu ishaq telah hilang dan sekarang hanya diketahui dalam resensi ibnu hisham dan altabari. Mar 10, 2012 the most authoritative biography of muhammad is titled the life of muhammad sirat rasul allah originally written by muhammad ibn ishaq around 760 ad. Abu muhammad abd almalik bin hisham ibn ayyub alhimyari almuafiri alba. This is the book of the biography of the apostle of allah. His people loved him, reflecting what the prophet, may allah bless him and grant him peace, is recorded as having said in the sahih of muslim. The book is all about the story of first caliph of banu umayyah. No copy of that book remains, but around 800 ad, ibn hisham, a student of ibn ishaq reconstructed the biography from fragments and notes that he had collected. In this accessible study, stephen humphreys introduces the most elusive of the early caliphs, muawiya ibn abi sufyan 602680. The name of khawaja nizamuddin auliya 1238 25 ad needs no introduction.